A Neanderthal footprint preserved in the sediments of the Grotte di Toirano, Liguria,

A Neanderthal footprint preserved in the sediments of the Grotte di Toirano, Liguria, Italy. The last Neanderthals left the stage around 40,000 years ago. 

Read More: The Unbelievable Chinchorro Mummification Culture

Liba Radij aged 17, Executed by the Nazis in 1943

Photo of the Yugoslavian fighter girl (Liba Radij) aged 17, while executed by the Nazis in 1943. The commander said to her: If you mention the names of your colleagues , I will release you immediately. She said to him: You will know them when they come to avenge me. And indeed , they later came and executed him on the same tree !!. The cowards die while they are alive, and the brave live while they are dead. Read More: Topkapı Dagger: Most Valuable Dagger in the World

Cheddar Man, the oldest complete human skeleton found in the British Isles

Cheddar Man, the oldest complete human skeleton found in the British Isles, was discovered in Somerset, England, back in 1903. Dating back around 10,000 years, this Mesolithic find shed light on early human life in the region. What made Cheddar Man intriguing was his physical appearance, revealed through DNA testing in 2018. He had dark skin, blue eyes, and curly hair, challenging previous assumptions about the complexion of early Europeans. Genetic analysis linked him to the Western Hunter-Gatherers, an ancient population who were the early inhabitants of Europe after the Ice Age. The skeleton was found in Gough’s Cave alongside various artifacts, including flint tools and animal remains. Descendants of these early humans are believed to have influenced the genetic makeup of present-day Europeans. Cheddar Man's remains, on display at the Natural History Museum in London, continue to captivate visitors, offering a glimpse into the enigmatic past of our ancient ancestors.

Read More: Chokundi Cemetery – Masterpiece of Architecture and Sculpture

Remarkable Picture of World War I

We did not get any sleep at all last night because our artillery kept firing nonstop. Everything was trembling, and the Germans only gave us a meek response. However, the day is still young and they might send us more artillery. There is nothing to fear because I do not have any chores to complete today.

Jewish refugee granted entry into Palestine shortly before the creation of Israel.

 See the below image of jewish refugee granted permission to enter in Palestine.

Mahatma Gandhi's letter to Hitler appealing him to call off the WW2

Hist friends have been urging him to write a letter for the sake of humanity. You will be surprise to see the Mahatma Gandhi's letter to Adlof Hitler appealing him to call of the WW2.

Electric Cannon uses no Gunpowder

Silent guns sending their whistling messengers of death into the sky at speeds far beyond those now attained by powder-driven shells seem likely for the next war, using for propulsion magnetic fields so powerful that when they are short-circuited they produce miniature earthquakes. Dr. Kapitza, F. R. S., working at the Cavendish Laboratory of Cambridge University, England, in his attempts to disrupt the atom has produced magnetic fields so powerful that they "explode" the coils that produce them. This man has finally revealed the secret of the magnetic gun so long anticipated by ballistic experts. Dr. Kapitza accomplishes the electric firing of a shell by short-circuiting powerful dynamos for periods of one one-hundredth of a second. 

Another English experimenter, Dr. Wall, seeking the same thing, produces ultra-magnetic fields with a more simple apparatus. Dr. Wall simply charges electrostatic condensers and permits them to discharge their powerful currents into specially-made coils immersed in oil baths. Here also magnetic fields so powerful that they tear the coils to pieces have been produced. So great are these magnetic fields that they are capable of pulling iron nails out of shoes. While the magnetic effects produced by both of these experimenters are of very short duration, they could be employed to impart their terrible energy to steel shells. The time limit, which cannot exceed one one-hundredth of a second, is imposed be- cause of the powerful currents used. 

If these currents were permitted to flow through wire for a greater period of time, the wire would melt and temperatures greater than those existing in some of the hottest stars would be produced. To produce a magnetic gun-a silent Big- Bertha-it will only be necessary to arrange a series of powerful coils within the gun barrel. Each coil will have its own generator and the shell advancing through the barrel will automatically energize the coil just ahead of it. By the time the shell reaches the end of the barrel it will have attained a speed far in excess of the speeds plosives known. Now attainable with even the highest ex-Owing to the entire absence of internal. pressures these guns may be made of ordinary iron or even purely non-magnetic materials. 

The "magnetic explosions' will be initiated by the simple closing of a switch which will energize the first coil and snatch the shell from the breech in the first leg of its journey of destruction. The magnetic gun, pictured on this month's cover, is foreshadowed by achievements of two English experimenters. Powerful currents working through coils around the gun barrel exert a magnetic effect on the steel shell, pulling it through the barrel at tremendous speed. Each coil has its generator, and the shell advancing through the barrel will automatically energize the coil just ahead of it. A rotary switch could be employed to adapt the idea to machine guns.

Octavius: The legendary 18th-century ghost ship

The Octavius was a legendary 18th-century ghost ship. The story goes that it was discovered off the coast of Greenland in 1775.

Initially assumed to be empty upon being sighted, when boarded, a spine-shivering sight awaited. Below the deck, they came across the entire crew, completely frozen.

The captain sat rooted, almost stoically, at the table in front of him with a pen still in hand and his log laid out before him.

Written there was the log’s last entry, dated November 11, 1762, and its last recorded position marked their location about 250 miles north of Alaska’s arctic coast.

The ghost ship had been adrift for thirteen years before its discovery, meandering aimlessly for hundreds of miles. Though it is a great story, there is no proof of whether the ship existed or not.

Pontiac: Ottawa Chief in about 1720

Pontiac was an Ottawa chief, born on the Ottawa River, in Canada, about 1720. While yet a young man he became the principal chief of the allied Ottawas, Ojibways, and Pottawatomies. He was always a firm ally of the French, to whose interests he was devotedly attached, defending them at Detroit against an attack by the Northern tribes, and (it is generally believed) leading the Ottawas in the defeat of Braddock.

He reluctantly acquiesced in the issue of the French and Indian War, although at first strongly disposed to dispute the progress of Major Rogers, the British officer sent to take possession of the western forts. In 1762, he dispatched emissaries to many tribes in order to unite them in an alliance to exterminate the English. His proposals were favorably received, and thus organized what is commonly spoken of as the “Conspiracy of Pontiac.” He himself undertook to lead an assault upon Detroit.

His intention was, however, informed to the garrison and they prepared accordingly. Pontiac thereupon laid siege to the fort but was unable to prevent the ingress of provisions. The Canadian settlers furnished supplies to both the besieged and besiegers with absolute impartiality. Finally, a boatload of ammunition and supplies landed at Detroit from Lake Erie, and the English made an unsuccessful sortie on July 31, 1763.

After a desultory warfare, lasting for nearly three months, the Indians withdrew into Indiana, where Pontiac tried in vain to organize another movement. The Indians did not capture Detroit, but they captured Fort Sandusky, St. Joseph, Miami, Ouiatanon, LeBoeuf, and Venango, along with Mackinaw and Presque Isle. Throughout the country, garrisons were massacred at all of these locations and countless other atrocities occurred.

Additional British troops were sent west, and the Indians were finally brought under control. Pontiac was present at Oswego when a treaty was signed with Sir William Johnson, but remained implacable. His end was tragic. Broken in heart, but still proud in spirit and relentless in purpose, he applied to the former (and last) French Governor of Illinois, the younger St. Ange, who was then at St. Louis, for cooperation and support in another raid against the British.

Being refused aid or countenance, according to a story long popularly received, he returned to the vicinity of Cahokia, where, in 1769, he was murdered by a Kaskaskia Indian in consideration of a barrel of liquor. Col. Joseph N. Bourassa, a Kansas-educated half-breed, is cited as authority for this statement by Matson, author of several volumes pertaining to early history in Illinois. It has been claimed that the Indians killed at Cahokia were imposters and that Kineboo, the Head Chief of Illinois, assassinated the true Pontiac in a council held near Joliet on the Des Plaines River.

So well convinced, it is said, was Pierre Chouteau, the St. Louis Indian trader, of the truth of this last story, that he caused a monument, which he had erected over the grave of the false Pontiac, to be removed. A majority of historians agree that Pontiac's murder, whether it occurred at Cahokia or Joliet, resulted in the extermination of Illinois and the tragedy of the Starved Rock.

 

Karachi Airport In 1940s

 

Henry Dangerfield Was kinsman of Gov. Holmes

Henry Dangerfield, was a kinsman of Gov. Holmes, came to the Mississippi territory after the latter's appointment, and was appointed secretary of the territory, to succeed Thomas H. Williams, June 30, 1810. He was re-appointed, in 1814, and served until his death Feb. 19, 1815. He was also register of the land office west of Pearl river. On April 2, 1811, he was commissioned as attorney-at-law. Secretary Dangerfield was acting governor in April, 1811, on account of the governor's absence, and again from Oct. , 1811, to June 15, 1812. Henry Dangerfield was obliged to veto an act for the incorporation of the town of St. Stephens, because it attempted to deprive the wives of the proprietors of the right of dower ; also a bill to extend the jurisdiction of justices beyond the constitutional limit.